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                        副标题[/!--empirenews.page--]
                         
        
            基本 --新建表: create table table1( id varchar(300) primary key,name varchar(200) not null);  
--插入数据  insert into table1 (id,name) values (‘aa‘,‘bb‘);
  --更新数据  update table1 set id = ‘bb‘ where id=‘cc‘;
  --删除数据  delete from table1 where id =‘cc‘;
  --删除表  drop table table1;
   
--修改表名:  alter table table1 rename to table2;
  --表数据复制: insert into table1 (select * from table2);
  --复制表结构:  create table table1 select * from table2 where 1>1;
  --复制表结构和数据: create table table1 select * from table2;
  --复制指定字段:  create table table1 as select id,name from table2 where 1>1;  
--条件查询:  select id,name (case gender when 0 then ‘男‘ when 1 then ‘女’ end ) gender from table1  数学函数 --绝对值:abs()  select abs(-2) value from dual; --(2)  
--取整函数(大):ceil()  select ceil(-2.001) value from dual; --(-2)  
--取整函数(小):floor()  select floor(-2.001) value from dual; --(-3)  
--取整函数(截取):trunc()  select trunc(-2.001) value from dual; -- (-2)  
--四舍五入:round()  select round(1.234564,4) value from dual; --(1.2346)  
--取平方:Power(m,n)  select power(4,2) value from dual; --(16)  
--取平方根:SQRT()  select sqrt(16) value from dual; --(4)  
--取随机数:dbms_random(minvalue,maxvalue)  select dbms_random.value() from dual; (默认是0到1之间)  select dbms_random.value(2,4) value from dual; (2-4之间随机数)  
--取符号:Sign()   select sign(-3) value from dual; --(-1)   select sign(3) value from dual; --(1)  
 --取集合的最大值:greatest(value)  select greatest(-1,3,5,7,9) value from dual; --(9)  
--取集合的最小值:least(value)  select least(-1,9) value from dual; --(-1)  
--处理Null值:nvl(空值,代替值)  select nvl(null,10) value from dual; --(10)     select nvl(score,10) score from student; rownum相关 --rownum小于某个数时可以直接作为查询条件(注意oracle不支持select top) select * from student where rownum <3;  
--查询rownum大于某个数值,需要使用子查询,并且rownum需要有别名 select * from(select rownum rn,id,name from student) where rn>2; select * from (select rownum rn,student.* from student) where rn >3;  
--区间查询 select * from (select rownum rn,student.* from student) where rn >3 and rn<6;  
--排序+前n条 select * from (select rownum rn,t.* from ( select d.* from DJDRUVER d order by drivernumber)t )p where p.rn<10;  
--排序+区间查询1 select * from (select rownum rn,t.* from ( select d.* from DJDRIVER d order by DJDRIVER_DRIVERTIMES)t )p where p.rn<9 and p.rn>6;  
--排序+区间查询2 select * from (select rownum rn,t.* from ( select d.* from DJDRIVER d order by DJDRIVER_DRIVERTIMES)t where rownum<9 )p where p.rn>6;--效率远高于方式一 ?分页查询 (假设每页显示10条)  
不包含排序:  
--效率低  
select * from (select rownum rn,d.* from DJDRIVER d )p where p.rn<=20 and p.rn>=10;  
select * from (select rownum rn,d.* from DJDRIVER d )p where p.rn between 10 and 20;  
--效率高   
select * from (select rownum rn,d.* from DJDRIVER d where rownum<=20 )p where p.rn>=10; 包含排序: --排序+区间查询1(效率低)  
select * from (select rownum rn,t.* from ( select d.* from DJDRIVER d order by DJDRIVER_DRIVERTIMES)t )p where p.rn<=20 and p.rn>=10;  
select * from (select rownum rn,t.* from ( select d.* from DJDRIVER d order by DJDRIVER_DRIVERTIMES)t )p where p.rn between 10 and 20;  
--排序+区间查询2(效率高)   
select * from (select rownum rn,t.* from ( select d.* from DJDRIVER d order by DJDRIVER_DRIVERTIMES)t where rownum<=20 )p where p.rn>=10; ?时间处理 1. to_char和to_date基本使用  
--日期 --年 yyyy yyy yy year --月 month mm mon month --日+星期 dd ddd(一年中第几天) dy day  --小时 hh hh24  --分 mi --秒 ss  
eg1: select to_char(sysdate,‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss‘)currenttime,  to_char(sysdate,‘yyyy‘) year,‘mm‘) month,‘dd‘) day,‘day‘) week,‘hh24‘)hour,‘mi‘) minute,‘ss‘) second from dual;  
 eg2:  
select to_date(‘2009-07-04 05:02:01‘,  to_char(to_date(‘2009-07-04 05:02:01‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss‘),‘yyyy‘)year,‘mm‘)month,‘day‘,‘NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE=American‘) week,--设置语言  to_char(to_date(‘2009-07-04 05:02:01‘,‘ss‘) second from dual;  
 2)months_between  
 select months_between(to_date(‘03-31-2014‘,‘MM-DD-YYYY‘),to_date(‘12-31-2013‘,‘MM-DD-YYYY‘)) "MONTHS"  FROM DUAL;   
 3)next_day  
select sysdate today,next_day(sysdate,6) nextweek from dual;  
 4)时间区间  
例:  
select cardid,borrowdate from borrow where to_date(borrowdate,‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss‘) between  to_date(‘2014-02-01 00:00:00‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss‘) and  to_date(‘2014-05-01 00:00:00‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss‘);   
5)interval  
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